History of Jemez Springs

The history of Jemez Springs is as rich and diverse as its natural beauty. Evidence of human presence in the Jemez Valley dates back as far as 2,500 BC, with archaeological findings uncovered at Jemez Cave near Soda Dam. Over the years, migrating groups eventually formed pueblos, which are believed to have been inhabited by as many as 30,000 people.

The pueblo of Guisewa, now known as Jemez Springs, was occupied until the 15th century by ancestors of the present-day Jemez (Walatowa) people. Spanish missionaries arrived around 1541 and established missions in the area, one of which was San José de Guisewa, built by Franciscan priests around 1621. These stone ruins still stand at the Jemez Historic Site.

In the late 1800s, Jemez Springs became a tourist destination due to its natural mineral hot springs. Legend has it that one of the hot springs erupted into a geyser, leading locals to realize the commercial opportunities. The water was enclosed with a rock wall, and the gazebo built around it still stands today at the Plaza.

Many structures in Jemez Springs that are over 100 years old still stand today, though they are used for different purposes than originally intended. These include Los Ojos Restaurant and Saloon, Jemez Mountain Inn, Jemez Stage Stop, Abousleman home, Casa Blanca Guest House and Garden Inn, and others.

In 1995, Jemez Springs was named an All American City by the National Civic League, making it the smallest community to receive that honor and one of only five other cities in New Mexico. Despite the dramatic changes of the last 150+ years, many traditions continue today, including Jemez Pueblo’s traditional dances and food.